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A rich diversity of wild medicinal plant resources is distributed in China, but the breeding of new plant varieties of Chinese medicinal plants started late and the breeding level is relatively weak. Chinese medicinal plant resources are the foundation for new varieties breeding, and the plant variety rights(PVP) are of great significance for the protection and development of germplasm resources. However, most Chinese medicinal plants do not have a distinctness, uniformity, and stability(DUS) testing guideline. The Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs has put 191 plant species(genera) on protection lists, of which only 30 are medicinal species(genera). At the same time, only 29 of 293 species(genera) plants in the Protection List of New Plant Varieties of the People's Republic of China(Forest and Grass) belong to Chinese medicinal plants. The number of PVP applications and authorization of Chinese medicinal plants is rare, and the composition of variety is unreasonable. Up to now, 29 species(genera) of DUS test guidelines for Chinese medicinal plants have been developed. Some basic problems in the breeding of new varieties of Chinese medicinal plants have appeared, such as the small number of new varieties and insufficient utilization of Chinese medicinal plant resources. This paper reviewed the current situation of breeding of new varieties of Chinese medicinal plants and the research progress of DUS test guidelines in China and discussed the application of biotechnology in the field of Chinese medicinal plant breeding and the existing problems in DUS testing. This paper guides the further application of DUS to protect and utilize the germplasm resources of Chinese medicinal plants.
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Agriculture , Biotechnology , Plant Breeding , Plants, Medicinal/geneticsABSTRACT
Objective:To evaluate the screening efficacy of AI for bone marrow cell morphology.Method:Bone marrow specimens of patients attending the Second Hospital of Hebei Medical University from December 1,2019 to December 21,2020;(1) Selected from one hundred bone marrow specimens, The cases included chronic myeloid cell leukemia ( n=23), myelodysplastic syndrome ( n=4), chronic lymphocytic leukemia ( n=4), multiple myeloma ( n=5), 7 acute leukemia ( n=7), chronic anemia ( n=32), infection ( n=6) and healthy control ( n=15). Including 45 males and 55 females, with age 52(37,66)years old.The bone marrow smear prepared with Wright-Giemsa, The AI analysis system and manual audit were applied to classify 13 types of bone marrow nucleated cell, taking the results of manual audit as the gold standard, comparing the difference between the results of the two methods, using statistical software to draw the confusion matrix, The compliance between the manual audit results and the pre-classification results of the AI analysis system was calculated by the Kappa consistency test method; The consistency analysis between the pre-classification results of AI and those of the manual microscopic examination was performed by the Pearson test; (2)Statistics analyzed the blast cell differential count differences of AI and manual microscopy, to evaluate the clinical application value of AI analysis system, which soured from thirty bone marrow samples of patients diagnosed with MDS and AML. Results:76 630 images of 13 nucleated cells were obtained by AI analysis system; the weighted average experimental diagnostic efficiency parameters of 13 types of bone marrow nucleated cells, are as follows: sensitivity(%)=95.82, specificity(%)=99.19, accuracy(%)=98.89, false positive rate(%)=0.81, false negative rate (%)=4.18; the correlation results, between the pre-classification results of AI and manual microscopic classification results,showed that blast cell, promyelocytes, neutrophilic myelocyte, neutrophilic metamyelocyte, band neutrophil, segmented neutrophi,eosinophil, basophil, polychromatic erythroblast, orthochromatic erythroblast, and lymphocytes have good positive correlation ( r>0.70,all P<0.001), while basophilic erythroblast and monocytes have no obvious correlation ( r=0.32,0.30, all P> 0.001); the count results of the blast cells in bone marrow smears of MDS and AML, got by AI and manual microscopy respectively, showed that the average percentage of blast cells was 8.19% by AI and 8.68% by manual microscopy in MDS, there was no significant difference between the two methods ( P>0.05); the average percentage of blast cells was 48.52% by AI analysis system and 53.77% by manual microscopy in AML, and although there was a significant difference in blast cell count ( P<0.01), coincidence the classification diagnostic criteria for AML (blast cells ≥ 20%). Conclusion:The AI analysis system performed good sensitivity, specificity and accuracy for 13 types of bone marrow nucleated cells, which showed potential application value for the rapid classification and diagnosis of MDS and AML.
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Objective:To investigate the value of artificial intelligence (AI) cytomorphologic analysis system in the cytomorphological diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation of acute myeloid leukemia (AML).Methods:Bone marrow smear samples were collected from 150 patients with newly diagnosed and treated acute myeloid leukemia who were inpatients and outpatients at the Department of Institute of Hematology and Blood Diseases Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College from June 1, 2021 to July 31, 2022 for retrospective analysis. Among them, there were 50 patients in the newly diagnosed group, including 28 males and 22 females, with the onset age of 43.5(32.3,58.8)years. There were 100 patients in the post-treatment group, including 36 males and 64 females, with the onset age of 34.5(23.0,47.0)years. The results from cytomorphology expert were used as the gold standard and the Python 3.6.7 was used for analysis to evaluate the accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity of the AI cytomorphologic analysis system for blast cell recognition in AML diagnosis and treatment.Results:The proportion of blasts in AI analysis of 50 samples in the newly diagnosed group was≥20%, which met the diagnostic criteria of AML. AI analysis of blasts had an accuracy of 90.3%, sensitivity of 85.5%, and specificity of 98.0%. The correlation coefficient between AI and the proportion of blasts analyzed by experts was positively correlated( r=0.882, P<0.001). Meanwhile, in the post-treatment group, the sensitivity and specificity of AI analysis of blasts were 89.7% and 99.2%, respectively. The correlation coefficient between AI and the proportion of blasts analyzed by experts was positively correlated( r=0.957, P<0.001). According to AI analysis data, there are 8 samples in this group whose AI efficacy evaluation results on AML are inconsistent with expert analysis. Conclusion:AI cytomorphologic analysis system has high accuracy, sensitivity and specificity for blast cell recognition in AML morphological diagnosis and therapeutic evaluation.
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Objective:To compare the clinical outcomes of the Laennec’s approach versus the two-step separation stylized approach in laparoscopic left lateral sectionectomy (LLLS).Methods:A total of 60 patients who underwent LLLS at the Department of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, the Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University from March 2019 to April 2022 were prospectively entered into this study. There were 40 males and 20 females, aged (49.1±9.3) years, with 31 patients suffering from liver cancer, 14 patients hepatic hemangioma and 15 patients hepatolithiasis. A randomized number table was used to assign the patients into two groups: the Laennec’s approach group ( n=30) and the two-step separation stylized approach group ( n=30). The age, gender, liver function, operation time, intraoperative blood loss, abdominal drainage amount, drainage tube retention time, postoperative hospital stay, total hospital costs and postoperative complications were compared between the two groups. Results:There were no significant differences between the two groups in gender, age and Child-Pugh grading of liver function (all P>0.05). Comparison of intraoperative bleeding, postoperative hospital stay, postoperative complications, postoperative recurrence between the two groups showed there were no significant differences between the two groups (all P>0.05). The operative time [(85.6±24.5) min vs (99.1±30.7) min, P<0.05] was significantly less in the stylized group than the Laennec’s group, while the Laennec’s group were superior to the stylized group in the amount of draining [(144.1±38.3) ml vs (290.9±59.5) ml], drainage tube retention time [(2.7±1.5) d vs (4.3±1.9) d] and total hospital costs [(35 100.7±13 200.6) yuan vs (44 700.1±11 800.8) yuan](all P<0.05). Conclusions:Both the Laennec’s and stylized approaches for LLLS were safe and feasible. The stylized approach for LLLS could be performed more quickly, while the Laennec’s approach could more accurately dissect and handle intrahepatic and extrahepatic ducts, thus resulting in decreased postoperative exudation and treatment costs.
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Objective To introduce and evaluate the practice of “Internet Plus” new technology for health management of chronic diseases in community in Yichang, and to provide reference for chronic disease patients' health management in community. Methods Data of hypertensive patients were collected from the national basic public health service system, the big data intelligent sorting system for chronic disease patients in Yichang City, and the basic public health service system in urban areas in Yichang from 2016 to 2020. Data on the discovery, sorting and filing, standardized management rate and blood pressure control of urban hypertension patients were analyzed. The application effect of “Internet Plus” new technology in chronic disease community health management was evaluated. Results From 2016 to 2020, 15 934 patients with hypertension were found and their health records were established through big and intelligent data in Yichang City, accounting for 93.54% (15 934 / 17 035) of the total. The rate of standardized management in each district increased year by year, with an increase of 8.71% in 2020 compared with 2016, and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=1273.30, P2=867.14, P<0.001). Conclusion Data exchange and sharing among medical institutions at all levels can strengthen the health management of chronic diseases in the community. The “Internet Plus” new technology, integrating the Internet, big data, cloud computing and intelligent terminal technology, can effectively improve the detection, management and treatment rate of chronic diseases, and provide a new direction for the health management of chronic diseases.
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Objective:To analyze the anti-drug resistance, molecular epidemiology and virulence gene distribution of non-A-F group serotype isolates of Salmonella enterica enteric subspecis, so as to provide epidemiological basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.Methods:Serotyping, antimicrobial susceptibility test and whole genome sequencing were performed on 11 isolates of non-A-F group serotype isolates of Salmonella enterica enteric subspecies that were isolated from The Children′s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine between 2017 and 2020. The serotype, multilocus sequence typing and virulence gene of the whole genome sequencing results were analyzed. Results:In our hospital, the detection rate of non-A-F group serotype isolates of Salmonella enterica enteric subspecies was low (1.13%). Among the 11 strains, there were 3 strains belong to Jangwani serotype, 2 strains of Hvittingfoss serotype, and Wandsworth, Pomona, Kedougou, Urbana, Poona and Kumasi serotypes have 1 strain each. Except for the two multi-drug resistant strains, the other strains were sensitive to most antibiotics, and the MICs were at low levels. A total of 9 ST types were detected in the 11 strains, the 3 Jangwani serotype strains were ST3918, and the other isolates were of different ST types. The phylogenetic tree shown that the three strains of Jangwani serotype were closely related. A total of 103 virulence genes were detected in the 11 strains, including 78 genes related to secretion system, 21 genes related to adherence, 2 genes related to magnesium uptake, 1 gene related to resistance to antimicrobial peptides and 1 gene related to typhoid toxin. Conclusions:The detection rate of the non-A-F group serotype isolates of Salmonella enterica enteric subspecies was low, and the sensitivity of the isolates to common antibiotics was high. The ST types and genetic relationship showed diversity. Clinical laboratory should pay attention to the detection of the non-A-F group serotype isolates of Salmonella enterica enteric subspecies, and the changes in drug resistance and virulence genes of the isolates should be closely monitored.
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Objective: To determine the impact of inflammatory reaction levels and the culprit plaque characteristics on preprocedural Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: The is a retrospective study. A total of 1 268 STEMI patients who underwent pre-intervention optical coherence tomography (OCT) examination of culprit lesion during emergency PCI were divided into 2 groups by preprocedural TIMI flow grade (TIMI 0-1 group (n =964, 76.0%) and TIMI 2-3 group (n =304, 24.0%)). Baseline clinical data of the 2 groups were collected; blood samples were collected for the detection of inflammatory markers such as high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), myocardial injury marker, blood lipid, etc.; echocardiography was used to determine left ventricular ejection fraction; coronary angiography and OCT were performed to define the lesion length, diameter stenosis degree of the infarct-related arteries, presence or absence of complex lesions, culprit lesion type, area stenosis degree and vulnerability of culprit plaques. Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to identify independent correlation factors. The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve of continuous independent correlation factors was analyzed, and the best cut-off value of TIMI 0-1 was respectively determined according to the maximum value of Youden index. Results: The mean age of 1 268 STEMI patients were (57.6±11.4) years old and 923 cases were males (72.8%). Compared with TIMI 2-3 group, the patients in TIMI 0-1 group were older and had higher N-terminal-pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level, lower cardiac troponin I (cTnI) level, lower left ventricular ejection fraction, and higher hsCRP level (5.16(2.06, 11.78) mg/L vs. 3.73(1.51, 10.46) mg/L). Moreover, the hsCRP level of patients in TIMI 0-1 group was higher in the plaque rupture subgroup (all P<0.05). Coronary angiography results showed that compared with TIMI 2-3 group, the proportion of right coronary artery (RCA) as the infarct-related artery was higher, the angiographical lesion length was longer, minimal lumen diameter was smaller, and diameter stenosis was larger in TIMI 0-1 group (all P<0.05). The prevalence of plaque rupture was higher (75.8% vs. 61.2%) in TIMI 0-1 group. Plaque vulnerability was significantly higher in TIMI 0-1 group than that in TIMI 2-3 group with larger mean lipid arc (241.27°±46.78° vs. 228.30°±46.32°), more thin-cap fibroatheroma (TCFA, 72.4% vs. 57.9%), more frequent appearance of macrophage accumulation (84.4% vs. 70.7%) and cholesterol crystals (39.1% vs. 25.7%). Minimal flow area was smaller [1.3(1.1-1.7)mm2 vs. 1.4(1.1-1.9)mm2, all P<0.05] and flow area stenosis was higher (78.2%±10.6% vs. 76.3%±12.3%) in TIMI 0-1 group. Multivariable analysis showed that mean lipid arc>255.55°, cholesterol crystals, angiographical lesion length>16.14 mm, and hsCRP>3.29 mg/L were the independent correlation factors of reduced preprocedural TIMI flow grade in STEMI patients. Conclusions: Plaque vulnerability and inflammation are closely related to reduced preprocedural TIMI flow grade in STEMI patients.
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Aged , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Coronary Angiography , Inflammation , Myocardial Infarction/diagnostic imaging , Percutaneous Coronary Intervention , Plaque, Atherosclerotic/diagnostic imaging , Retrospective Studies , ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction/surgery , Stroke Volume , Thrombolytic Therapy , Ventricular Function, LeftABSTRACT
Objective:To discuss the clinical treatment for arteriosclerosis obliterans combined with acute thrombosis (ASOCAT) of lower extremities.Methods:The treatment methods and results of 30 patients with ASOCAT admitted to our center from Jan 2009 to May 2019 were retrospectively analyzed.Results:The course of acute thrombosis in 30 patients was (9.5±5.2) days, and the average course of ASO was (2.1±1.4) years. Among 30 patients, 13 patients had aortoiliac occlusion (type Ⅰ), and 17 patients had femoropopliteal lesion (type Ⅱ). Twenty-eight patients underwent endovascular treatment, 1 had hybrid operation, and 1 was given aorto-bilateral femoral bypass. One patient died perioperatively. 24 patients were followed up for (16.3±16.1) months. One died during follow-up.Two patients underwent above-knee amputation within 6 months. Two patients had distal superficial femoral artery reocclusion within 12 months. The restenosis/reocclusion rates within 12 months of type Ⅰ and Ⅱ patients were 12.5% and 21.4%, respectively. The 6/12-month amputation-free survival rates for type Ⅰ and type Ⅱ were 87.5%/87.5% and 92.8%/85.7%, respectively.Conclusion:Reasonable and active use of open surgery, endovascular treatment or hybrid operation could achieve acceptable outcomes in patients with ASOCAT.
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Severe coronary artery calcification (CAC ) will not only affect characteristics of coronary plaques , but increase the difficulty and risk of coronary intervention .Optical coherence tomography (OCT) , as an intracoronary imaging method with extremely high resolution , is capable of more accurately judging coronary lesion characteristics during intervention , then optimizing intervention strategies of coronary heart disease and medication .
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Objective · To engineer a light-induced size-switchable (large to small) nanosystem for doxorubicin (DOX) delivery and characterize its light-induced size change and cytotoxicity. Methods · The poly (ethylene glycol) -polylactide nanoparticles loading DOX (PEG-PLA-DOX) were fabricated with the dropwise addition method. Then the nanoparticles were encapsulated into the inner cavity of liposome (LP), and a photosensitizer (verteporfin, VP) was loaded in the bilayers of the LP to engineer the near-infrared light-sensitive core-shell nanoparticles (PEG-PLA-DOX@LP). The morphology of the nanoparticles was observed under a transmission electron microscope. Dynamic light scattering was used to examine the particle size at each stage. The size-switchable property of the nanoparticles and its influence on viability of murine melanoma B16F10 cells under near-infrared light were evaluated. The stability of the nanoparticles was also investigated. Results · PEG-PLA-DOX@LP, the light-sensitive nanoparticles, were successfully developed. The nanoparticles had a particle size of (194.83±5.70) nm and Zeta potential of (-1.43±0.32) mV. The drug loading was 2.82％ for DOX, and 1.16％ for VP. The small-sized PEG-PLA-DOX [ (37.42±8.67) nm] was quickly released from the nanoparticles upon light for enhanced toxicity to B16F10 murine melanoma cells. Conclusion · The particle size of the novel DOX delivery nanosystem rapidly changes from large size to small size upon the irradiation of near-infrared light, and thus the cytotoxic effect on tumor cells can be enhanced.
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Objective@#To describe the clinical characteristics of pneumococcal infections and drug resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from children's hospitals, which would provide reference for preventing and treating pneumococcal diseases.@*Methods@#This was a prevalence survey. In this study, the age, specimen type, monthly distribution characteristics, and antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from 9 children's hospitals in China were investigated between January 1, 2016 and December 31, 2016. The WHONET 5.6 software was used to analyze the antibiotic susceptibility of Streptococcus pneumoniae. The comparison of rates was performed by Chi-square test.@*Results@#A total of 6 200 isolates of streptococcus pneumoniae were obtained, namely, 95.1% (5 876/6 177) from the respiratory tract specimens, 2.2% (136/6 177) from blood specimens and 0.4% (24/6 177) from cerebrospinal fluid specimens. The isolates were mainly from children older than 1 and younger than 5 years (54.7%, 3 381/6 185) . Most of strains (33.2%, 1 184/3 563) were isolated in November, December and January. Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were completely sensitive to vancomycin (100.0%, 6 189/6 189) , linezolid (100.0%, 6 030/6 030) , moxifloxacin (100.0%, 3 064/3 064) , highly sensitive to levofloxacin (99.8%, 5 528/5 540), ertapenem (98.8%, 3 024/3 061) and lowly sensitive to erythromycin (1.7%, 102/6 016), clindamycin (3.7%, 116/3 136), and tetracycline (5%, 244/4 877), respectively. According to the parenteral susceptibility breakpoints for non-meningitis isolates, the sensitivity of Streptocococus pneumoniae to penicillin from children's hospital of Chongqing Medical University (49.3%, 892/1 809) was significantly lower than those of other hospitals (χ2=1 268.161, P<0.05) .@*Conclusions@#Streptococcus pneumoniae is mainly isolated from respiratory tract, from children older than 1 and younger than 5 years and during November to January in tertiary children's hospital of China. The Streptococcus pneumoniae from children is highly sensitive to vancomycin, linezolid, moxifloxacin, levofloxacin. There are also significant differences in the sensitivity of penicillin for Streptococcus pneumoniae from different hospitals.
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Objective· To prepare nanobowls,establish the method for characterizing nanoparticles,and test drug loading efficiency and release efficiency of nanobowls.Methods · The polystyrene nanoparticles (PSNPs) were prepared by the means of the normal emulsion polymerization.The peanuts nanoparticles (PNPs) were synthesized by the swelling process of PSNPs and the selective crosslinking between 3-(trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate and tetraethylorthosilicate.Finally,the polystyrene was dissolved to obtain nanobowls.Dynamic light scattering (DLS) was used to analyze the size of each kind of nanoparticles.Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to observe the morphology of nanoparticles.Nanobowls loaded doxorubicin hydrochloride as a model drug though continuous shaking were used to measure drug loading capacity and release efficiency.Results· PSNPs,coated polystyrene nanoparticles (CPSNPs),PNPs,silica peanuts nanoparticles (Si-PNPs) and nanobowls were synthesized successfully.The size of nanobowls was (126.7±4.9) nm and the Zeta potential was (-30.2±1.1) mV.The final nanoparitcles could be used to load drug easily.The drug loading efficiency and loading capacity reached 51.1％ and 9.3％,respectively.Moreover,the nanobowls had the expected sustained release effect.Conclusion · The prepared nanobowls are loaded with drugs successfully,which can release drug slowly and almost completely.The nanobowls can be used for drug release delivery.
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Objective ·To study changes of morphological characteristics of pituitary glands Objective · To study changes of morphological characteristics of pituitary glandsin normal adults by high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Methods · A total of 245 healthy adults were scanned by 3.0T MRI to measurewidths,lengths,heights and volumes of pituitary glands and observe pituitary gland morphology. Results · The average height of pituitary was (5.47±1.33) mm inmales and (6.06±1.32) mm in females; the average volume of pituitary was (614.07±125.52) mm3 in males and (660.00±117.35) mm3 in females. The difference betweenthe genders was statistically significant (P<0.01). The pituitary height was positively related to the pituitary volume (r=0.829,P<0.01). Except the pituitary lengths, there was statistically significance in the pituitary widths, heights and volumes among different age groups (P<0.05), and all of them were negatively correlated with age (P<0.01). Conclusion · The pituitary heights and volumes peak in the 18-29 age group in adults and tend to decline with increased age. In female subjects, however, there is a tendency of pituitary heights and volumes to increaseagain in the 50-59 age group. The average height and volume of female pituitary glands are significantly greater than those of males.
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Objective To learn the biovars,antimicmbial susceptibility in Ureaplasma species isolated from respiratory tracts of infants hospitalized in tertiary children's hospital,and to provide evidences and clinical basis for the prevention and treatment of Ureaplasma infection in infants.Methods Ureaplasma species cultivation,identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using Mycoplasma IST2.The primers according to the conservative MB-Ag gene were designed to identify Ureaplasma biovars.Erythmmcin resistant genes (ermA,ermB and ermC) and active effiux transporter genes (mefA/E,msrA/B and mreA) were amplified using PCRs.Results A total of 78 Ureaplasma positive cases,of them,48 Ureaplasma strains were isolated from premature neonates.Biovar 1 was present in 51 (65.38％) strains,and biovar 2 was present in 27 (34.62％) strains.There were no significant differences among sex,premature infant,age,gestational age,birth weight,length of stay (P ＞ 0.05).The drug resistance rates to ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin were 80.77％,and to tetracycline was 1.28％.All strains were sensitive to doxycycline,josamycin and pristinomycin.The drug resistance rates to the macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin,azithromycinand and clarithromycin) were ＜ 12％.There was no statistically significant difference among the drug resistance rates of different biovars and these antibiotics (P ＞ 0.05).Only the methylated enzyme gene (ermB) and the active efilux pump gene (msrA/B) were detected,and the detection rate was 39.74％ and 12.82％ respectively.The ermB gene mainly exists in biovar 2,and the detection rate is 55.56％ (P ＜ 0.05).The msrA/B was balanced distributed between biovar 1 and 2 (P ＞ 0.05).A total of 78 Ureaplasma strains were isolated from 24 cases of neonatal septicemia,30 cases of congenital infection pneumonia,9 cases of retinopathy of prematurity,9 cases of neonatal intracranial hemorrhage,and 15 cases of bronchopulmonmT dysplasia.Conclusion Biovar 1 is more prevalent in Ureaplasma species isolated from infant respiratory tract,and higher detection rate of Ureaplasma is found in the preterm infants.All Ureaplasma strains have high drug resistance to both ciprofloxacin and ofloxacin,but low drug resistance to the macrolide antibiotics (erythromycin,azithromycin and clarithromyc),that could be used as a first choice for the treatment of Ureaplasma infection.Erythromycin resistance gene ermB,mainly exists in biovar 2.
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Objective To construct an shRNA lentiviral vector targeting the MEX3A gene and establish a bladder cancer cell line with stable MEX3A gene knockdown.Methods Real-time PCR was performed to detect the MEX3A gene expression.The recombinant lentiviral vector targeting the MEX3A gene was constructed using the GV115 plasmid.After identification and sequencing,the vectors were co-transfected with the packaging vector into 293T cells to produce lentiviral particles,which were then transduced into bladder cancer cells after viral titer determination.The cell line stably expressing the siRNA was established by antibiotic selection,and real-time PCR was carried out to detect the efficiency of the knockdown.Results Both bladder cancer cell lines,5637 and T24,expressed the MEX3A gene,and its expression was higher in 5637 than in T24.The identification and sequencing results showed that the MEX3A-shRNA lentiviral vector was successfully constructed,and the virus titer was observed to be higher after packaging.The results of the real-time PCR showed that MEX3A gene expression was stably inhibited in 5637 cells after lentiviral transduction.Conclusion Lentivirus-mediated RNAi technology could successfully establish a cell line with stable MEX3A gene knockdown.
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Objective To study the joint effect of small dosages of Aspirin and compound Danshen dropping pills on type 2 diabetes(T2DM) patients'and impaired glucose tolerance(IGT) patients' hypercoagulation blood.Methods The study followed diagnostic standards for T2DM by World Health Organization (WHO) in 1999,and randomly selected two groups of clinical patients:one had 63 patients with IGT and the other contained 68 patients with T2DM.Both groups took compound Danshen dropping pills with the total dosage of 10 pills each time,3 times per day,for continuum of 3 months.After that both groups stopped medication for 7 days,then began taking Aspirin after meal,with the dosage of 100 mg per day,for a continuum of 3 month.After that both groups stopped the medication for 7 days,then both group continued to take same dosage of ASA with addition of compound Danshen dropping pills of total amount of 10 pills per each time,3 times per day,for acontinuum of 3 months.Each medication period (ev ery 3 months) was monitored for platelet count (PET),prothrombin time (PT),kaolin partial thromboplastin time (APPT),The effective rate of anticoagulation for both groups were then calculated.Results The difference of PT、APTT between before and after taking single dosage of ASA for patients with impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) was statistically significant (P＜0.05),while patients with T2DM had no significant difference before and after taking same single dosage of ASA.Similarly, both groups with single dosage of compound Danshen dropping pills had no significant difference between before and after taking the medication.However,the difference of PT、APTT between before and after taking the combination of Aspirin and Danshen dropping pills of both groups were statistically significant (P＜0.05).IGT group with single dosage of ASA had an effective rate of 71.4％ for anti coagulation,while T2DM group with the same dosage reached 23.8％.The IGT group with combinatory dosage of ASA and Danshen dropping pills reached an effective rate of 100％ for anticoagulation,while T2DM group with the same dosage was 86.7％.The difference between those effective rates of anticoagulation was statistically significant in different medicine takeways of two groups (P＜0.05).Conclusion The combinatory use of small dosage of Aspirin with compound Danshen dropping pills had evident effect to improve IGT and hypercoagulation blood of T2DM patients who had good control of their blood glucose.
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Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effects of endovascular aneurysm repair [EVAR] on abdominal aortic aneurysm [AAA] complicated with hypertension
Methods: Fifty-two patients with AAA complicated with hypertension treated in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. They were divided into an observation group [34 cases] and a control group [18 cases]. The control group was treated by incision of AAA and artificial blood vessel replacement, and the observation group was treated by EVAR
Results: All surgeries were performed successfully. However, compared with the control group, the observation group had significantly less surgical time, intraoperative blood loss and blood transfusion, as well as significantly higher total hospitalization expense [P<0.05]. During the one-month follow-up, the observation group was significantly less prone to pulmonary infection, surgical site infection, lowerextremity deep venous thrombosis and lower extremity weakness than the control group [P<0.05]. The observation group enjoyed significantly better quality of life than the control group did one and three months after surgery [P<0.05]
Conclusion: Given sufficient funding, EVAR should be preferentially selected in the treatment of AAA complicated with hypertension due to minimal invasion, safety, stable postoperative vital signs and improved quality of life
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Objective:To compare the effectiveness of proximal femoral nail antirotation (PFNA) with intertrochanteric antegrade nail (InterTAN) in the treatment of intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly. Methods:A retrospective study of 62 elderly patients with intertrochanteric fractures who received two operation methods from Sep 2014 to May 2016 was done. There were 28 patients in PFNA group, and 34 patients in InterTAN group. The operation time, blood loss in operation, hospitalization time, healing time, and Harris hip joint functional score were compared and analyzed. Results:Operation time and the amount of intraoperative blood loss in PFNA group were less than that in InterTAN group. Hospitalization time,fracture healing time and Harris hip joint functional score after ten months had no significant difference between the two groups. And 59 cases in total were followed up with an average of 11.5 months (from 9 to 16 months) . In PFNA group, 27 patients were followed up, and one patient was lost to follow up, who died because of chronic renal insufficiency. The rest 26 patients all achieved bony union (including one case of hip versus) . At follow-up 9 months, hip joint function was excellent in 18 cases, good in 6, fair in 2, bad in 1, and the excellent-good rate was 88.9%. In InterTAN group,32 patients were followed up,and two cases were lost to follow up. In followed-up cases, there was one patient who was no healing of fracture. After hip arthroplasty, this patient got recovery. The hip joint function was excellent in 21 cases, good in 7, fair in 3, and bad in 1. The differences between the two groups were not statisticaly significant. Conclusion:Both PFNA and InterTAN can treat intertrochanteric fractures in the elderly with good result,but PFNA has obvious advantages over InterTAN on less hemorrhage and operation time.
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Objective To investigate effect of carnosine on oxygen glucose deprivation/reperfusion ( OGD/RP) induced injury in rat brain slices. Methods Injury of brain slices was determined by TTC methods.The contents of ATP, ADP and AMP were determined by high performance liquid chromatography.Reactive Oxygen species ( ROS) were determined by fluorescence methods.Results Compared with control group, rat hippocampal slices were significantly damaged by OGD/RP, indicated by light color and decreased A490 nm value of TTC staining.Meanwhile the contents of ATP and ADP were significantly decreased, and the content of AMP and ROS were significantly increased, the difference between two group was significant ( P<0.01).Pre-incubation with Carnosine (1000, 200, 40 μg/mL) significantly inhibited the light color and decreased A490 nm value of TTC staining, increased the contents of ATP, ADP and AMP, and decreased the content of ROS, the difference between two group was significant ( P <0.01 ) . Conclusion Carnosine can protect rat hippocampal slices against injury induced by OGD/RP, which may relate to improve the energy metabolism and strengthen the ability of anti-oxidative stress.
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Objective To investigate the prognostic factors for chronic heart failure and the prognostic ability of copeptin,big endothelin-1(Big ET-1)and N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP)in patients with chronic heart failure. Methods To study 1 5 9 consecutive patients hospitalized for chronic heart failure.Serum concentration of copeptin,NT-proBNP,cTnI,CKMB and plasma Big ET-1 as well as left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF)and NYHA classⅠtoⅣ on admission were measured.Cardiac events were found by patients to discharge after 360~490 days,prospectively.Results During a median follow-up period of 385 days,the endpoint of recurrence for cardiac events was reached in 65 patients with 159 heart failure.Multivarlate canonical correlation analysis shows the older and the higher NYHA classification as well as the lower LVEF in patients with heart failure.There were higher concentration of copeptin,Big ET-1 and NT-proBNP.On a Cox proportional hazards regression models analyses,age,copeptin,Big ET-1 and NT-proBNP were found to be the inde-pendent predictors of cardiac events.Risk ratio (RR)were 1.215,1.236,4.031 and 13.052,respectively.Logistic regression models analyses,copeptin,Big ET-1 and NT-proBNP were found independent predictors of death.Odd ratio (OR)were 4.003,2.477 and 1.235,respectively.Conclusion Measurement of copeptin,Big ET-1 and NT-proBNP in patients with chronic heart failure can help to identify patients at higher risk for cardiac events and patients for prognosis.